Rossetti and Dumas

.27. Gohdes, Clarence, and Paul Franklin Baum, eds.. The Letters of William Michael Rossetti concerning Whitman, Blake and Shelley to Anne Gilchrest and her son Herbert Gilchrest. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press, 1934. p. 111. 'The attack is in the right foot. I am now fairly well, but still wearing a soft boot, & whenever I try to leave this off, I find that I am not yet quite fit to do so... & shall probably settle down into practical teetotalism.'

28. Dubreton, J. Lucas. The Fourth Musketeer: The Life of Alexander Dumas. Trans. Maida Castelhun Darnton. New York: Coward-McCann, Inc., 1928.Sometimes, harassed in his work, he took refuge with Schoebel, the Orientalist, in a little summer-house in the rue Notre-Dame-des-Champs, which he called his Parisian desert. There was a palm tree encircled by a varicolored tent over which the tree reared its meager head. "it's a complete setting; a palm tree from the Sahara, and African tent, and a French plume," said Dumas who made himself comfortable.

97. Automatons were regarded as almost human in ancient times, according to Pamela McCorduck in, Machines Who Think: A Personal Inquiry into the History and Prospects of Artificial Intelligence. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Company, 1979.

98. McNeil, Ian. 'The Fourth Age: Intimations of Automation: ' Coinage- the first mass production,' and 'The Factory System'. An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology. London: Routledge, 1990, 1996.

Mighty Morphin Historical Objects



	The duties of scholarship (repeated daily) took on various forms for William Micheal Rosetti. He was an editor of "The Germ" and secretary of the PRB or Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, following the tendencies of a group of young to middle age artists and literary figures. He was a foremost Shelly expert and an enthused biographer of William Blake, and was not limited to procuration of English poets, claiming the American, Walt Whitman, as a meritorious writer of verse with obviously close personal connection to his own (Whitman's) work. The most extreme view of Rossetti's scholarship is seen in his acting as a machine, amounting to one, defining one, in his catalogue of 'visionary heads.' The distinctions between the work97 of machines and that of humans has been diminishing since just after the first machine age, when machines were starting to use feedback systems to limit the amount of power wasted. The impression given is a sense of independence for the machine, a separation from the human worker, but like a form of artificial intelligence reflected back onto human workers resulting in feelings of 'intimated automation,' also coming from the changes that the first mass production and the first factories brought with them.98 Machine tools followed factories, and these (machine tools) were seen as the means of production of more machines and seen quickly as extensions of the human body. It was here that a transformation occurred in attitudes toward work, a reconciling of the factory system (that put workers into a slavery), or the corollary to that, designing content according more to how a machine might regard assembled words if it could. Settling in (to the ordering of numbers perhaps), human work is now somehow stuck with the machine metaphor. Looking at the correspondence of Rossetti during the work on a catalogue of visionary heads, nothing is particularly machine-like. Yet its champion of the list as a valuable presentation of literary relationships and the importance of other catalogues to Rossetti's initiates a comparison between works which are highly structured to display all kinds of information. Rossetti's catalogue may be of no circumstance but it might still have acquired for Rossetti the title, "Visionary Machine" since visionaries were the subject of the collection, and since all human work without machines evokes that of, through the knowledge of, machines. Works of circumstance do not turn to numbers or lists exclusively as has early online communication, but also to some literary techniques which are called machines for their contrivances for dramatic effects. Alexander Dumas was a visionary both in the breadth of historical understanding and technical aspects of writing talent he possessed. He was not however the sole author of many of his works. An Auguste Maquet collaborated with Dumas, bringing him rough sketches of character traits and underlying historical anchors, which Dumas readied for publication as novels or/and for theater production. It is not clear which parts of the collaboration are machine or visionary. Rossetti's pole as the human-machine, and the Dumas pole, as the machine-human, invents (again) our own intellectual production as mobile cogs in factory work, not as pure grammar of exposition or narrative, but as the assembly of parts practically.	.27. Gohdes, Clarence, and Paul Franklin Baum, eds.. The Letters of William Michael Rossetti concerning Whitman, Blake and Shelley to Anne Gilchrest and her son Herbert Gilchrest. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press, 1934. p. 111. 'The attack is in the right foot. I am now fairly well, but still wearing a soft boot, & whenever I try to leave this off, I find that I am not yet quite fit to do so... & shall probably settle down into practical teetotalism.' 28. Dubreton, J. Lucas. The Fourth Musketeer: The Life of Alexander Dumas. Trans. Maida Castelhun Darnton. New York: Coward-McCann, Inc., 1928.Sometimes, harassed in his work, he took refuge with Schoebel, the Orientalist, in a little summer-house in the rue Notre-Dame-des-Champs, which he called his Parisian desert. There was a palm tree encircled by a varicolored tent over which the tree reared its meager head. "it's a complete setting; a palm tree from the Sahara, and African tent, and a French plume," said Dumas who made himself comfortable. 97. Automatons were regarded as almost human in ancient times, according to Pamela McCorduck in, Machines Who Think: A Personal Inquiry into the History and Prospects of Artificial Intelligence. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Company, 1979. 98. McNeil, Ian. 'The Fourth Age: Intimations of Automation: ' Coinage- the first mass production,' and 'The Factory System'. An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology. London: Routledge, 1990, 1996.